Which of the following is an example of task analysis?

• A. Demonstrating the process for using a pay phone
• B. Guiding a student through the process of brushing teeth using prompts
• C. Breaking down the process for tying shoelaces into component parts so that it can be taught to a student using chaining
• D. Gradually weaning a student from completing a task with assistance to completing it independently

Answer: (C)

Task analysis is the process of breaking a complex skill into smaller, sequential steps so each part can be taught and practiced in order, often using chaining to link the steps together with prompting and fading.

The example of breaking down tying shoelaces into component parts is a perfect illustration. By identifying each small step (e.g., hold one lace, cross it, make a loop, wrap the other lace around, pull tight), you create a clear sequence that can be taught step by step. This allows the learner to master each part and then perform the entire task by chaining the steps, with prompts adjusted as competence increases.

Other scenarios involve instructional strategies but not the explicit breakdown of a task into teachable steps for chaining. Demonstrating how to use a pay phone is a single demonstration or modeling. Guiding a student through brushing teeth with prompts involves prompting during a task, but it doesn’t necessarily require decomposing the entire activity into a sequenced set of steps for chaining. Gradually reducing assistance to complete a task independently focuses on fading support rather than analyzing and structuring the task itself.